Crustal Movements

Steven Dutch, Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay
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1. Isostatic movements in the earth:
   1. are due to the more dense continents floating on a less dense mantle
   2. imply that the crust under mountains is thinner
   3. are not evident over spans of less than a million years
   4. are caused by plate movements
   5. none of these
2. A syncline:
   1. has beds dipping away from its axis
   2. has beds dipping towards its axis
   3. has older rocks exposed along its axis
   4. has limbs which converge towards the earth's surface
   5. none of these
3. On a geologic map, the rock layers make a "U" pattern. This pattern represents
   1. an anticline
   2. a graben
   3. a syncline
   4. can't tell without more information
4. On a geologic map, you see a band of old rock with young rocks on either side. It could be:
   1. any of the following
   2. an anticline
   3. a horst
   4. a valley cut through several layers
5. A coal bed is perfectly horizontal and at an elevation of 1000 feet all the way around a mountain. If you drill down from the summit (elevation 2000 feet) you would expect:
   1. to hit the coal bed 1000 feet down
   2. never to hit the coal because it only occurs around the outside of the mountains
   3. to hit the coal bed 2000 feet down
   4. to hit the coal bed 1000 feet below sea level
6. In drilling an oil well, you drill through a horizontal red rock layer. Then you hit a zone of sheared and broken rock. Then later on you hit the red rock again. You have encountered
   1. an anticline
   2. a homocline
   3. a syncline
   4. a thrust fault
7. Foliation is
   1. unrelated to folds
   2. cuts across folds
   3. tends to parallel the axial planes of folds
8. Folding_____Metamorphism (fill in the blank)
   1. always occurs before
   2. always occurs after
   3. always occurs during
   4. need not be accompanied by
9. Not an example of foliation
   1. bedding in shale
   2. platy splitting of schist
   3. cleavage in slate
   4. banding in gneiss
10. Orogenies (mountain-building episodes) are thought to be connected with
    1. transforms faults
    2. mid-ocean ridges
    3. subduction zones
    4. ocean basins
11. Volcanoes are least likely to be associated with:
    1. subduction zones
    2. "hot spots"
    3. transform faults
    4. mid-ocean ridges
12. The safest type of building in an earthquake:
    1. a wood-frame house
    2. an unreinforced concrete building
    3. an adobe house
13. The Earth's inner core is about an large as
    1. Mars
    2. Venus
    3. the Moon
    4. Sheboygan
    5. Pluto
14. _______________produce extension of the crust.
    1. Reverse faults
    2. Normal faults
    3. Left-lateral faults
    4. Dip slip faults
15. Thrust faults
    1. result in compression of the crust
    2. are found along subduction zones
    3. produced the 1964 Alaska earthquakes
    4. all the above
16. The three main layers of the Earth are called:
    1. upper, middle, and lower
    2. lithosphere, mantle, and core
    3. granite, basalt, and rhyolite
    4. solid, liquid, and gaseous
17.  

    In the intersecting joints at right, the greatest compression was probably oriented along direction: A-A B-B C-C D-D

18.  

    The figure at right represents the contact between two sets of rock layers, seen in cross-section. This contact: represents a gap in the geologic record is an unconformity implies that the lower layers were tilted and eroded before the upper layers were deposited all of the above

19. A stratum dips at 3 degrees. We can say:
    1. the layer was originally horizontal and was later tilted
    2. the layer could have been deposited on an original sloping surface
    3. either of the above could be true
    4. none of the above
20. A stratum dips at 57 degrees. We can say:
    1. the layer was originally horizontal and was later tilted
    2. the layer could have been deposited on an originally sloping surface
    3. either of the above could be true
    4. none of the above
21. The San Andreas is a right-lateral fault with the North American Plate on one side and the Pacific Plate on the other. During a movement of the fault, you would see the opposite side of the fault move to the right:
    1. if you were on the Pacific Plate looking at North America
    2. if you were on the North American Plate looking at the Pacific Plate
    3. it doesn't matter which side you are on. Both a and b are correct
    4. both a and b are wrong because your side of the fault moves to the right
22. How do normal and reverse faults differ?
    1. normal faults are caused by extension of the crust, reverse faults by compression
    2. reverse faults are caused by extension of the crust, normal faults by compression
    3. reverse faults are left-lateral, normal faults are right- lateral
    4. reverse faults are right-lateral, normal fualts are left- lateral
    5. none of the above
23.  

    The feature at right, seen in cross-section, is a: anticline syncline homocline monocline

24.  

    The feature at right, seen in cross-section, is a: anticline syncline homocline monocline

25. Which of these indicates that the crust is being stretched or extended?
    1. anticlines
    2. normal faults
    3. reverse faults
    4. synclines
26. Which of these indicates that the crust is being compressed or shortened?
    1. anticlines
    2. homoclines
    3. normal faults
    4. dikes
27. A thin large sheet of rock which slides over other rocks in a mountain belt is called a
    1. intrusion
    2. anticline
    3. landslide
    4. nappe or thrust sheet
28.  

    This feature (seen in cross-section) is: a syncline a horst a thrust fault a rift

29. In the fold above, the oldest rocks are likely to be:
    1. in the center
    2. on the outside
    3. on the left
    4. on the right
30.  

    This fault-bounded feature is: a horst a syncline a graben a monocline

31.  

    The rocks to the right have ripple marks, cross-bedding and graded beds. The younger rocks: are up and to the left are down and to the right

32.  

    In the fold at right, which is the most likely orientation for the foliation? A-A B-B C-C

33.  

    This feature (seen in cross-section) is an anticline a syncline a monocline a horst

34. In the fold above, the oldest rocks are likely to be:
    1. in the center
    2. on the outside
    3. on the left
    4. on the right
35. The rocks in Wisconsin have essentially the form of a(n):
    1. horst
    2. syncline
    3. arch
    4. basin
36. The major value of small deformation structures in rocks
    1. they are locations for mineral deposits
    2. they provide clues to larger structures
    3. they fracture the rocks and make it easier to quarry

37. This feature (seen in cross-section) is an anticline a graben a monocline a syncline

38. The sheet-like structure of metamorphic rocks is called:
    1. bedding
    2. foliation
    3. jointing
    4. stratification
39. An elongate fold in which all the strata dip in toward the center is a(n):
    1. dome
    2. syncline
    3. monocline
    4. anticline
    5. basin
40. An overturned fold is one in which:
    1. both limbs dip in the same direction
    2. the axial plain is vertical
    3. the axis is inclined
    4. the strata in one limb are horizontal
    5. the strata are faulted as well as folded
41. An oval to circular fold with all strata dipping outward from a central point is a(n):
    1. plunging anticline
    2. recumbent syncline
    3. dome
    4. basin
    5. overturned syncline
42. A circular or oval syncline-like fold is called a(n):
    1. monocline
    2. asymmetric anticline
    3. joint
    4. overturned fault
    5. basin
43. Most of the Earth's internal heat is generated by:
    1. moving plates
    2. radioactive decay
    3. volcanism
    4. meteorite impacts
    5. earthquakes
44. According to the principle of isostasy:
    1. more heat escapes from oceanic crust than from continental crust
    2. the Earth's crust is floating in equilibrium with the more dense mantle below
    3. the Earth's crust behaves both as a liquid and a solid
    4. much of the asthenosphere is molten
    5. magnetic anomalies result when the crust is loaded by glacial ice
45. The intersection of an inclined plane with a horizontal plane is the definition of:
    1. horizontal strata
    2. strike
    3. dip-slip movement
    4. joint
    5. folded strata
46. Strain is characterized as _____ if deformed rocks regain their shape when they are no longer subjected to stress.
    1. compression
    2. plastic
    3. elastic
    4. shear
    5. tensional
47. Rocks that show a large amount of plastic strain are said to be:
    1. brittle
    2. sheared
    3. fractured
    4. all of these
    5. ductile
48. Most folding results from:
    1. fracturing
    2. convection
    3. compaction
    4. compression
    5. rifting

49. In the structure at right, the oldest rocks are 1 and the youngest are 4. This is a: dome basin homocline anticline

50. In the structure above, if you drilled a well at X, what would you hit below unit 3?
    1. Unit 4
    2. Unit 2
    3. Unit 1
    4. rocks older than 1
    5. rocks younger than 4

51. In the structure at right, the oldest rocks are 1 and the youngest are 4. This is a: dome basin homocline anticline

52. In the structure above, if you drilled a well at X, what would you hit below unit 2?
    1. Unit 4
    2. Unit 3
    3. Unit 1
    4. rocks older than 1
    5. rocks younger than 4

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 Created 3 January 1997; Last Update 16 November 2004

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