Perspective and Printing Press

Steven Dutch, Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay
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A picture of a sacred figure shows the figure much larger than her companions or background details. This is an example of what kind of representational style?
1. perspective
2. polydimensional
3. abstract
4. primitive
5. conceptual
A picture of a sacred figure shows the body as seen from the front but the face in profile. This is an example of what kind of representational style?
1. perspective
2. polydimensional
3. conceptual
4. abstract
5. primitive
In perspective art, parallel lines appear to do what as they recede into the distance?
1. stay the same distance apart
2. diverge
3. curve
4. converge
5. cross halfway to the horizon
Ptolemy's work on this subject probably played a role in the discovery of perspective art:
1. geography
2. geometry
3. astronomy
4. astrology
5. medicine
China employed printing differently than the West. In China printing was mostly used for:
1. teaching children of the nobility
2. printing popular literature
3. printing calendars
4. improving public literacy
5. authentication of official documents
Before printing, the most authentic kind of legal evidence was considered to be:
1. written
2. printed by wood block
3. oral
4. in Latin
5. that obtained by torture
In pre-printing times, people used memory theater as:
1. a means of reliving pleasant experiences
2. a means of remembering lists of information
3. a means of recording property deeds
4. a means of recording court testimony
5. a way of retreating from grim reality
In addition to the influences above, Burke's chapter Point of View mentions another possible ingredient in the discovery of perspective art. It was:
1. development of new astronomical instruments
2. new ideas from China
3. discovery of surveying techiques
4. an astronomical device called the astrolabe
5. use of grids by artists as an aid in drawing
This device, whose name means "dark chamber", allowed artists to copy scenes accurately and also probably played a role in the discovery of perspective art:
1. camera obscura
2. sic et non
3. syllogism
4. quadrivium
5. intelligo ut credam
In what respect has the computer age returned full circle to the state of affairs in pre-printing times?
1. oral tradition is becoming more important
2. literacy is declining
3. memorization is becoming more important
4. people are relying more and more on religious authority
5. it is becoming harder to guard against forgery.
How did the Islamic world react to printing?
1. adopted it eagerly for all purposes
2. adopted it eagerly for printing official documents
3. adopted it eagerly for printing the Koran
4. rejected it because it wasn't invented by Muslims
5. rejected it for fear of disseminating subversive ideas
When William Caxton set up his printing press in 1476:
1. he caused the proliferation of new spelling styles
2. English was experiencing a profound change in pronunciation
3. he was condemned as a threat to the state and executed
4. he was promoted to the nobility
5. he was charged with heresy
English is, in a sense, a creole language, a hybrid of Anglo-Saxon and _____________
1. Latin
2. Greek
3. French
4. German
5. Celtic
English vowels are different from most other languages. They are blends of vowel sounds called
1. dipthongs
2. phrases
3. vowel clusters
4. semivowels
5. labials
The overall structure of English is that of a _________ language.
1. Slavic
2. Romance
3. Celtic
4. Germanic
5. Baltic
Printing presses:
1. were found only in Germany until 1600.
2. encountered fierce resistance.
3. had little social impact before 1600.
4. were used only to print sacred literature
5. spread rapidly across Europe.
Aldus Manutius is an important figure in Western history because
1. he invented the printing press
2. he imported printing from China
3. he invented paper
4. he tried to suppress printing
5. he realized the importance of mass-market printing
When an innovation captures peoples' imagination, sometimes they will produce works that exploit the technique to its fullest just to show what can be done. Such a demonstration is sometimes called
1. paradigm
2. tour de force
3. exemplar
4. exempili gratia
5. coup d'etat
The French Duc du Barry had an elaborate Book of Hours created about 1400. The book is revealing because it:
1. contains the first portraits in Western art
2. shows an appearance of Halley's Comet
3. spans the beginning of perspective art and shows the limitations of artistic technique at the time
4. can be used to show how the landscape has changed in 600 years
5. contains the first accurate calendar in the West
The apparent change in shape of an object with viewing angle is called
1. foreshortening
2. shear
3. perspective
4. convergence
5. contraction
Pre-perspective artists
1. did not know any effective ways of portraying distance
2. knew about size change with distance, but not about parallel line convergence
3. knew about parallel line convergence, but not that nearby objects hide farther ones
4. knew about size change, convergence, forshortening, and nearby objects hiding more distant ones, but did not know how to apply them consistently.
5. knew about foreshortening, but not that faraway objects seem smaller.
Type metal
1. is no longer used
2. is mostly iron
3. has changed greatly over the years
4. was invented about 1800
5. is one of the oldest industrial materials
Type metal is mostly
1. tin and lead
2. iron
3. copper
4. aluminum
5. bronze
Of the requisites for printing, which had been used since ancient times for other purposes?
1. paper
2. press
3. movable type
4. copper plate engraving
5. lithography
What exactly did Gutenberg do?
1. invented the concept of printing
2. invented the press
3. invented movable type
4. invented paper
5. invented wood-block printing
The first type of printing used in Europe was:
1. wood block
2. letters stamped in copper
3. movable type
4. printing from etchings in stone
5. letters made of baked clay
Martin Luther's reaction to printing was
1. it was a dangerous way to propagate heresy
2. it was a possible source of obscene literature
3. it was useful for Church business
4. it was a blessing from God
5. it took work away from scribes
When printing presses finally did appear in the Islamic world, they were used principally for
1. printing Korans
2. archiving knowledge from the golden age of Islam
3. transcribing Western ideas to overcome the Western lead in science
4. disseminating government proclamations and officially-sanctioned news
5. issuing warnings about disease
One effect of perspective on architecture was:
1. more accurate blueprints
2. better visualization of the finished structure
3. more accurate drafting instruments
4. better measuring and surveying techniques
5. deliberate use of parallel lines to heighten the impression of size
By the time Aldus Manutius died in 1515:
1. printers were just beginning to publish secular works
2. printing was only beginning to spread
3. wood block printing was spreading rapidly
4. only a few classical pieces of literature were in print
5. every major classical piece of literature was in print
This method did for images what type did for text:
1. wood block printing
2. lithography, or etching stone
3. intaglio, or copper plate engraving
4. the invention of tracing paper
5. the camera obscura
How can a camera obscura make an image with no lens?
1. it can't; they always had lenses
2. because parallel lines converge
3. the dark room makes the image stand out more
4. a tiny pinhole creates a single path from object to projection
5. the tiny hole allows only a very limited area to be seen

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Created October 28, 2004; Last Update 16 December 2004

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